What does a pulmonary embolism (PE) involve?

A pulmonary embolism (PE) involves a clot that has traveled to the lungs and lodged in the pulmonary arteries. This can lead to serious complications, as it can restrict blood flow to the lungs, impairing oxygen exchange and potentially leading to heart failure or death. The most common cause of a PE is deep vein thrombosis (DVT), where a clot forms in the deep veins of the legs and then dislodges, traveling through the bloodstream to the lungs. Recognizing this condition is critical for prompt treatment, which may include anticoagulation therapy or surgical intervention. Understanding the pathological nature of a PE emphasizes the importance of monitoring for signs in at-risk patients, such as those who have undergone recent surgery or those with prolonged immobility.