What does coronary artery disease (CAD) primarily affect?

Coronary artery disease (CAD) primarily affects the arteries of the heart. This condition involves the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle itself. When these arteries become narrowed due to the buildup of cholesterol and other substances (known as plaque), they reduce blood flow to the heart. This diminished blood flow can lead to chest pain (angina) or more serious heart issues like heart attacks, as the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood.

Understanding the specific focus of CAD on the coronary arteries is essential for recognizing how the disease impacts overall heart health, the symptoms it can cause, and the management strategies that may be necessary to treat or prevent complications related to the condition.