Which of the following can contribute to urinary frequency?

Certain medications can indeed contribute to urinary frequency because some drugs have diuretic properties or can irritate the bladder. Diuretics, commonly prescribed for conditions such as hypertension or fluid retention, increase the production of urine by the kidneys, resulting in more frequent urination. Additionally, some medications may have side effects that can cause increased urgency or frequency.

In contrast, a healthy diet, high physical activity levels, and consistent hydration typically do not contribute to urinary frequency in the same way. While proper hydration is essential for overall health and can lead to increased urination if fluid intake is excessive, it is generally not considered a cause of urinary frequency on its own. High levels of physical activity may also influence hydration status but are less directly linked to frequent urination. Similarly, a balanced diet plays an important role in overall health and may support normal urinary function without specifically leading to increased frequency.